 Botany
Rosas de Japon is similar to manzanilla in botanical description, but usually taller. Flowering heads are white or variously colored in the Philippines, up to 10 centimeters or more in diameter, and composed of numerous rows of ray-flowers.
Distribution
- Cultivated for ornamental purposes.
- Grows especially well in Baguio.
- Native of China.
Constituents
- Flowers yield adenine 0.023 %, choline 0.017 %,, and traces of stachydrine.
- Leaves yield adenine 0.016 %, a trace of choline and stachydrine 0.006 %.
- Study yielded flavonoids, caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, phenolics and a monoterpenoid glucoside.
Properties
- Considered aomatic, cooling, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, febrifuge, demulcent, hypotensive.
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The ordinary cultivated varieties is considered beneficial to the blood and circulation and to preserve vitality.
Parts used
Leaves and flowers.
Uses
Folkloric
- Plant is used like manzanilla.
- Decoction of leaves and flowers used for stomachache and as an enema.
- Flowers are prescribed for colds, headaches and inflamed eyes. For the same afflictions, pillows are filled with flowers and leaves.
- White variety considered especially useful in preserving hair from falling out or turning grey.
- Flowers soaked in wine, producing "chrysanthemum wine," is used for a variety of digestive, circulatory and nervous difficulties.
- Dew collected from the flowers is held in repute to preserve and restore vital functions.
- Decoction of flowers used for promotion of menses, as a wash for infected and cancerous sores, and as fomentation for enlarged glands.
- Mixed with Japanese honeysuckle for the treatment of hypertension.
- In East Asia, traditionally used for poor eye sight, dizziness, blurred vision, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, chronic inflammation.
Others
- Tea: Steep the flowers gently in hot water for no more than 10 minutes in a closed vessel, to preserve the essential oil.
Studies
• Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: Study on the MeOH extract of flowers of C. sinense yielded a new flavone glucoside, acacetin 7- O-(3- O-acetyl- beta- D-glucopyranoside) together with 27 known compounds. Compounds displayed significant xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner, greater than the allopurinol control.
• Antioxidant: Study isolated two dicaffeoylquinic acids from C. morifolium which were found to show strong antioxidant activities in the DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging systems.
• Flavonoids / Volatiles: Study of flavonoids and volatiles in the C. morifolium Ramat flowers yielded 8 flavonoids and 58 volatiles. Luteolin-7-glucoside and quercitrin were the most abundant flavonoids accounting for 85.7% of the detected flavonoids. B-humulene was the most abundant volatile. The health benefits of C. morifolim may be related to the abundant flavonoids and volatiles.
• Antimicrobial: Study of extracts of seven species of C. morifolim Ramat showed 9 of 21 extracts with antimicrobial activity against S aureus, while 3 had activity against methicillin resistant Staph aureus.
• Toxicity Study: Study of CM extract in rats showed no toxicological changes in the acute toxicity and long-term toxicity studies and is considered to be safe in general to rats at limited dose level.
• Vasorelaxant Effect: Study showed the CME induces both endothelium-dependent and independent relaxation.
• Neuroprotective: (1) Study showed that CM possesses potent neuroprotective activity with a potential for application in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's diseases. (2) Study evaluating the neuroprotective effect of total flavones extracted from C. morifolium showed pretreatment with TFCM provided significant protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, at least in part, by its antioxidant action and consequent inhibition of mitochondrial swelling.
Availability
Wild-crafted.
Herbs, granules, flower extracts in the cybermarket.
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