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Family Cardiopteridaceae
Taingang-babui
Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill.) Becc.
Tai wan qionq lan

Scientific names Common names
Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill.) Becc. Ampalang (Klg.)
Gonocaryum diospyrosifolia Hayata Angkak (Bik.)
Gonocaryum tarlacense Vidal Basabasa (Ibn.)
Phlebocalymna trymannianum Scheff. Busigan (Ibn.)
Phlebocalymna calleryana Baillon Gohan (Klg.)
  Karasoko (Ibn.)
  Lunas (Bik.)
  Lunas bundok (Tag.)
  Malagohan (Klg.)
  Malapinggan (Tag.)
  Malasamat (Tag.)
  Malasitum (Pamp.)
  Malatapai (Bik.)
  Maragauak (Ibn.)
  Naragaued (Ibn.)
  Rogroso (Ilk.)
  Taiñgang-babui (Tag.)
  Taiñgang-babuy (Tag.)
  Uratan (Ilk.)
  Yaya (Neg.)
Lunas is a local common name shared by (1) Lunasia amara, and (2) Gonocaryum calleryanum, taingang-babui.
Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill.) Becc. is an accepted name. The Plant List

Other vernacular names
CHINESE: Tai wan qionq lan.

Botany
Taiñgang-babui is a small, erect tree with long, slender branches. Leaves are few, alternate, leathery, smooth, shining, paler beneath, broadly ovate or subelliptic, 18 centimeters long or less, about 9 centimeters wide, rounded at both ends or broadly obtuse at the base. Inflorescence is axillary, cymosely short-branched, scarcely longer than the petioles. Flowers are pale white, with small calyx and columnar, and are borne on inflorescences at the axil of the leaves. Fruit is nutlike, smooth, purplish-black, ellipsoid, 3 to 4 centimeters long, with a black fibrous husk surrounding a fairly hard, white kernel.

Distribution
- Common in primary forests at low and medium altitudes, ascending to 750 meters, in the Batan Islands and all the provinces in Luzon.
- Also reported in Taiwan, Borneo, Indonesia, Celebes and Moluccas.

Constituents
- Study of leaves, branch, stem and root bark yielded a new secoiridoid glycoside, gonocaryoside E.
- Study of leaves of Gonocaryum calleryanum yielded four new secoiridoid glycosides and a new flavonoid glycoside, apigenin 7-O-β-apiofuranosyl (1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside, along with six known flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, apigenin, apigenin-5,7-dimethyl ether, apigenin trimethyl ether, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside, and vitexin. (4)

- Study of seeds yielded three new secoiridoid constituents, goncarin A-C (1-3), a new derivative goncarin A monoacetate (4), along with two known lignins, pinoresinol (5), and paulownin (6). (see study below) (6)
- Study of leaves, branch, stem and root bark yielded a new secoiridoid glycoside, gonocaryoside E, together with 14 known compounds. (8)

Properties
- Considered stomachic.
- Study has suggest anti-inflammatory property.


Uses

Folkloric
- Plant used as a cure for stomach troubles.
- In Lipa City,
A tree identified as Anilao with a scientific name of Gonocaryanum caleryanum, used in Batangas to treat malaria and rheumatism. (9)
- In Nueva Ecija, decoction of chopped bark drunk for snake bites. (10)
Others
- Lumber: Wood used for indoor construction.
- Vet: Hunting dogs subjected to the smoke of burning flowers or fruits said to be very good at catching wild hogs or deer. (7)

Studies
Secoiridoid Glycosides:
Study of leaves, branch, stem and root bark of Gonocaryum calleryanum isolated a new secoiridoid glycoside, gonocaryoside E, together with 14 known compounds. (1)
Secoiridoid and Flavonoid Glycosides: Study of leaves of Gonocaryum calleryanum yielded four new secoiridoid glycosides and a new flavonoid glycoside, apigenin 7-O-β-apiofuranosyl (1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside, along with six known flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, apigenin, apigenin-5,7-dimethyl ether, apigenin trimethyl ether, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside, and vitexin. (4)s
• Secoiridoids / Anti-Inflammatory / Inhibition of LPS-induced Tumor Necrosis Factor and NO Production / Seed: Study of seeds yielded three new secoiridoid constituents (1-3), a new derivative goncarin A monoacetate (4), along with two known lignins (5-6). Study evaluated the the anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1-6 on lipopolysacchardie (LPS) stimulated murine macrophage cell lines (RAW 264.7). The compounds significantly inhibited the production of NO (40-80%, p<0.01-0.05) via suppression of inducible NO synthase. There was also significant reduction of LPS-stimulated tumor necrosis factor. Results suggest compounds 1-3 have potential for treatment of inflammatory diseases associated with macrophage activation. (see constituents above) (6)

Availability
Wild-crafted.

Uodated October 2018 / September 2013

IMAGE SOURCE: Gonocaryum calleryanum IMGP2640.JPG / Non-Commercial use / Plant Climb Com

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
A secoiridoid and other constituents of Gonocaryum calleryanum / Yu Y C, Yann L L, Fui W L et al / Phytochemistry, March 1988
(2)
Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baillon) Beccari, Malesia / Flora of China

(3)
Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill.) Becc. (accepted name) / Chinese names / Catalogue of Life, China
(4)
Secoiridoid and flavonoid glycosides from Gonocaryum calleryanum / Tetsuo Kaneko, Mayumi Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Ohtani, Aiko Ito, Ryoji Kasai, Kazuo Yamasaki, William G. Padorina / Phytochemistry 01/1995 / DOI:10.1016/0031-9422(94)00884-V
(5)
Gonocaryum calleryanum / Synonyms / The Plant List
(6)
Secoiridoids from the Seed of Gonocaryum calleryanum and Their Inhibitory Potential on LPS-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor and Nitric Oxide Production / Kun-ching Cheng, Chi-I Chang, Yu-Chi Lin, Yu-Sheng Lin, et al / Molecules , July 2016; 23(7):1633 / DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071633
(7)
Secoiridoid and other constituents of Gonocaryum calleryanum / Chan, Y.Y.Leu, Y.L.Lin, F.W.Li, C.Y.et al. / Phytochemistry, ISSN : 0031-9422 / AGRIS: Information System Division, National Agricultural Library
(8)
Gonocaryum calleryanum / Umberto Quattrocchi / CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants
(9)
Anilao / How Some Barrios of Lipa City Got Their Names
(10)
Lunas bundok / Info: Juan Eugenio / Philippine Traditional Knowledge Digital Library of Health
(11)
Gonocaryum calleryanum / Minor Products of the Philippine Forests ed. by William H. Brown, Vol 1, No 3


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