Gen info
- Clerodendrum is a genus of flowering plants in the Lamiaceae family. It is a member of the subfamily Ajugoideae, one of four subfamilies transferred from Verbenaceae to Lamiaceae based on morphological and molecular phylogenetics.
- Clerodendrum L. is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with more the 500 species identified, with ethnomedical use in many indigenous systems (Indian, Korean, Japanese, Thai, Chinese) for a variety of disease: syphilis, typhoid, cancer, jaundice and hypertension.

Botany
• Kasopangil is an erect, branched, shrubby or half-woody plant, 1 to 2 meters in height. Stems are green, four-angled. Leaves, ovate, 9 to 20 centimeters long, with a pointed tip and heart-shaped base, and shallowly toothed margins. Flowers are odorless, bright red, slender and borne in terminal panicles in the upper axil of leaves. Corolla-tube is about 1 centimeter long; limb is spreading, somewhat oblique, subequally 5-lobed, the lobes being oblong and obtuse, and 1.5 centimeters in diameter. Stamens are 2 centimeters long, and red or purplish. Fruit is fleshy, blue, depressed-rounded, about 1 centimeter in diameter, with 3 to 4 seeds. Calyx is accrescent, red, spreading or reflexed, about 2 centimeters in diameter.

• Clerodendrum intermedium is similar to Clerodendrum paniculatum, but the latter has bigger inflorescences and lobulate leaves. (3)

Distribution
- Native to the Philippines.
- Common in thickets, secondary forests, and damp places, and along muddy shores and tidal streams at low and medium altitudes throughout the Philippines.
- Also native to Borneo, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand. (5)

Constituents
- Mature flowers tested positive for alkaloids, while young flowers (less than two months old) tested negative for alkaloids.
- Phytochemical screening yielded carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, and phenolic compounds in methanolic and aqueous extracts, and sterols in all extracts.

Properties
- Purgative, anti-inflammatory, vulnerary.

Parts utilized
Leaves, roots.

Uses
Folkloric
· Traditional healers in Laguna use poultice of leaves for sprains and stomachache. (6)
· In Albay, decoction of leaves drunk to treat colds; macerated leaves used as poultice. (4)
· Leaves, whole or pounded, used as cataplasm to relieve pains after childbirth.
· Leaves pounded with a little salt, applied to mumps (beke).
· Cataplasm of leaves used for rheumatism and neuralgia; also used for colic in children.
· Juice of steamed leaves used for colds and cough.
· Leaves, whole or pounded, applied to abdomen of parturient with abdominal in difficult labor. (7)
· For colic, leaves are heated over fire, then wiped with coconut oil and applied to the stomach.
· Roots used as purgative.
· In Quezon, young leaves used for headache; in Agusal de Norte, vine used for urinary tract infection; in Antique, leaves used for muscle pain; in Davao, leaves used for anemia and loose bowel movements; in Marinduque, leaves used for sprains; in Pampanga, leaves used on wounds; in Samar, roots used for measles. (8)

Studies
• No studies found.

Availability
Wild-crafted.

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Clerodendrum and Heathcare: An Overview / Neeta Shrivastava* • Tejas Patel / Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology ©2007 Global Science Books
(2)
Initial Studies on Alkaloids from Lombok Medicinal Plants / Surya Hadi and John Bremmer / Molecules 2001, 6, 117-129
(3)
Clerodendrum / PROSEA
(4)
Analysis of Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants from Residents Near Kalikasan Park, Albay, Philippines / Lilibeth A Cajuday, Erwin N Bañares /  BU R&D Journal, 2019; 22(2): pp 21-28 /
pISSN: 0016-4139 / DOI: 10.47789/bursj.mbtcbbgs.20192202.5
(5)
Clerodendrum intermedium Cham. / Synonyms / KEW: Plants of the World Online
(6)
Ethnomedicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Laguna, Philippines / Rainer Roldan Fiscal / Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, November 2017; Vol 5, No 4: pp 132-137
(7)
Clerodendrum intermedium / William Brown / Minor Products of Philippine Forests
(8)
Clerodendrum intermedium - Kasopangil / Philippines Traditional Knowledge Digital Liibrary of Health

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