Botany
Maraotong is an erect, simple or branched, slightly hairy annual herb, growing to a height of 30 to 80 centimeters. Leaves are ovate. 3 to 6 centimeters long, shorter than the long stalks, with toothed margins. Flowers are sessile, greenish, borne on numerous, lax, erect axillary spikes. The male flowers are very small, clustered near the summit. Female flowers are solitary and scattered, each with a large and leafy bract, 5 to 6 millimeters long. Capsules are 2 millimeters long and concealed by the enlarged bract, often containing only one seed. Seed is ovoid and smooth.

Distribution
- A common weed in and about towns, in thickets and waste places throughout the Philippines.
- Found in tropical Africa and Asia, through Malaya and Polynesia.

Constituents
- Contains an alkaloid, acalyphine.
- Major phytochemicals identified are acalyphine, cyanogenic glycoside, inositol, resin, triaetomamine and volatile oils.
- Phytochemical screening of leaves yielded alkaloids, tannins, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds. (see study below) (23)
- Study for fatty acids yielded eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester (35.47 ± 2.40%), hexatriacontane (9.56 ± 0.71%), 2,6,10 trimethyl undecatriene (8.69 ± 0.59%) and trifluoroacetic acid, n-heptadecyl ester (8.92 ± 0.52%). The highest volatile oil component was phytol (38.85%). Flavonoids from AI leaf were naringin (highest), quercitrin, hesperitin and kaempferol. (33)
- In a proximate analysis of dried samples of root, leaves, stem and whole plant, leaves yielded highest moisture (9.49%), ash (12.83%) and protein (23.98%). Roots yielded highest carbohydrate (76.33%), crude fiber (42.05%), and gross energy (1453.94 kJ) content. Triterpenes were present in ail samples analyzed. (40)
- Phytochemical screening of dried roots yielded flavonoids ++, triterpenes + and steroid +. Dried stems yielded flavonoids +, triterpenes ++, steroids ++. Dried leaves yielded flavonoids +, tannins +, triterpenes +++, steroid +++, and dried whole plant yielded alkaloids +, flavonoids +, tannins +, triterpenes +++, and steroid+++. (40)

Properties
- Anthelmintic, cathartic, diuretic, emetic, expectorant, laxative.
- Roots considered cathartic and laxative.
- Studies have suggested anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, mosquito larvicidal, anticancer, membrane stabilizing, hepatoprotective properties.

Parts utilized
Roots and leaves.

Uses
Edibility
- In India, as famine food, leaves eaten as vegetable.
- In West Africa, leaves are cooked and eaten as vegetable.
Folkloric
- In the Philippines, decoction of leaves used for dysentery.
- Juice of the root and leaves given to children as expectorant and emetic.
- The leaves, in decoction or powdered form, is used as a laxative.
- For constipation, an anal suppository of the bruised leaves helps relax the constricted sphincter ani muscle.
- Leaves mixed with garlic used as anthelmintic.
- Leaves mixed with common salt applied to scabies.
- Leaves mixed with tumeric used for acne.
- Poultice of bruised leaves used for syphilitic ulcers, to maggot-eaten sores and as emollient to snake bites.
- Powdered dried leaves used for bed sores.
- Leaves used for treatment of insomnia.
- Leaves applied to pustules and insect bites.
- Juice of fresh leaves, mixed with oil or lime, used for rheumatic complaints.
- Decoction of leaves used as instillation for earaches and for periauricular poultice or compress
- Root, bruised in water, used as cathartic.
- Bruised leaves used as "suppository" in constipation, assumed to work through decrease of the sphincter ani contraction.
- In Indian pharmacopoeia, used as an expectorant. Also used for the prevention and reversal of atherosclerotic disease. Used for pneumonia, asthma and rheumatism.
- In Tamil Nadu, India, the Paliyar tribes of Shenbagathope use the entire plant for bronchitis, a decoction of the herb for tooth- and earaches and paste of the leaves applied to burns.
Others
- Dye: Dye extracted from eaves can be used for coloring textiles. Different shades of color can be obtained using chemical and natural mordants. The dye extract has shown good antibacterial and antifungal activity. (34)

Studies
• Post-Coital Infertility Activity: Petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of A. indica were found to be effective in causing significant anti-implantation activity. (1)
• Flavonoids: Four known kaempferol glycosides–mauritianin, clitorin, nicotiflorin and biorobin were isolated from the flowers and leaves of A. indica. (2)
• Fatty Acids / Essential Oils / Flavonoids: Studies yielded fatty acids (eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester, hexatriacontaine, trimethyl undecatriene and trifluoroacetic acid), volatile essential oil (phytol), and flavonoids (naringing, quercitrin, hesperitin and kaempferol) -- most of the identified components having their own medicinal properties. (3)
• Antibacterial: (1) Study have shown it to possess antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophylla and Bacillus cereus. (2) All extracts of leaves of Acalypha indica exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, S. epidermis, B. cereus, Strep faecalis). Among gram-negative bacterial only P. aeruginosa was susceptible to the extracts.
• Antifungal / Antimicrobial: (1) Study of fresh, dried and powdered samples of leaf, stem and root of Acalypha indica showed activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and E. coli. An active compound showed more activity than clotrimazole. (2) Study concludes the plant has potential antifungal properties providing a scientific basis for utilization of the plant for treatment of antifungal infections. Results of study were negative for antibacterial activity against E coli and S aureus.
• Antimalarial: Results of leaf extract of A. indica show promising larvicidal and ovicidal activity against malaria vector A. stephensi. (5)
•Neuroprotective / Neurotherapeutic: Results of water extract study showed A indica has neuroprotective and neurotherapeutic effects ex vivo on m. gastrocnemius frog. (7)
• Antioxidant: Ethanol and aqueous extract of root of A indica showed nitric oxide scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. (8)
• Antibacterial / Antioxidant: Study of Acalypha indica and Ocimum basilicum showed antibacterial activity against E coli, K pneumonia, S aureus, P aeruginosa and Proteus sp, the ethanol more effective than the acetone extract. (9)
• Wound Healing / Antimicrobial: Study showed the water extracts of Azadirachta indica and Acalypha indica were more effective than the acetone extracts particularly on pseudomonas sp. Results suggest a potential for use in wound infections. (10) Study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of water and acetone extracts of A. indica leaves against two strains of human pathogenic bacteria in infected wounds i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results showed a water extract to have highest antibacterial activity to the acetone extract. (52)
• Antidiabetic: Study of methanol and acetone extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rat model showed dose-dependent antidiabetic activity attributed to an increased uptake of glucose at the tissue level or by an increase in pancreatic beta cell function or due to inhibition of intestinal absorption of glucose. (12)
• Vasoconstrictor Activity: Study showed the petroleum ether extract exhibited better vasoconstrictor activity against blood vessels of frog comparable to the reference drug adrenaline. Results provide support for use of the extract in treating disorders of headache and migraines, and for diuretic and alexeteric effects. (13)
• Antimicrobial: Study evaluating the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of A. indica showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria was more pronounced in water and ethanol extracts and antifungal activity significant with the chloroform extract. (14) Study evaluated various leaf extracts for antimicrobial activity against various bacterial strains. An acetone extract showed maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis; an aqueous extract showed maximum inhibition against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity was attributed to phytocompounds like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids and proteins. (41)
• Anthelmintic / Leaves / Roots: Study evaluated an ethanol extract of leaves for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Results showed significant anthelmintic activity at 100 mg/mL. (15) Study evaluated the anthelmintic potential of crude ethanolic extract of roots using Pheretima posthuma as test worm. Results showed significant anthelmintic activity when compared to reference drug Albendazole. (30)
• Improved Hippocampal Cell Viability in Hypoxic Condition / Stroke Benefits: Study showed a root extract of Acalypha indica is able to improved rat hippocampal cell viability and endogenous BDNF (Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor) levels in hypoxic condition. (17)
• Gastroprotective: Study evaluated the gastroprotective effect of leaves and roots of A. indica on rats with peptic ulcers induced by physical and chemical agents. Results showed the ethanol root extract with dose-dependent ulcer protective effect on peptic ulcers induced by physical and chemical agents. (18)
• Nerve Protection: Study evaluated nerve protection of A. indica extract on nerve paralysis induced by subcutaneous injection of pancuronium bromide on frog's back. Results showed comparable protective and treatment effect on the the nerves as piracetam. (19)
• Anti-Arthritic / Root: Study evaluate a methanol extract of root in in vitro models for potential in inhibition of protein denaturation, proteinase inhibitory action and antihyaluronidase activity. A dose-dependent inhibition was showed in all three models. Results showed very good anti-arthritic activity.   (20)
• Antioxidant / Anticancer / Aerial Parts: Study evaluated aerial parts for antioxidant, anticancer activity, and cytotoxicity. Results showed a non-cytotoxic response against Vero cells, anticancer activity against NCIH187-Small Cell Lung Cancer, and significant antioxidant activities. (21)
• Toxicity Study: Study evaluated acute and subacute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of A. indica on male Wistar rats. Results showed no significant signs of toxicity at the dose levels used in the study (100 - 500 mg/kbw) and suggests safety for alternative use for various infections. (22)
• Antibacterial / Leaves: Study of ethanol extract showed activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The good antibacterial activity is less than standard erythromycin. (see constituents above) (23) Study evaluated the antibacterial activity of A. indica against three strains of human pathogenic bacteria viz., Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia
• Anti-Inflammatory / Membrane Stabilization / Leaves: Study evaluated the methanolic extract of leaves for anti-inflammatory activity in HRBC membrane stabilization. Results showed significant dose dependent inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis induced by hypotonic solution. Diclofenac sodium was used as reference drug. (24)
• Antihyperlipidemic / Leaves: Study evaluated the antihyperlipidemic activity of aqueous extracts of A. indica in Wistar albino rats with hyperlipidemia induced by an atherogenic diet. Results showed improvement of lipid profile and improvement of atherogenic index with decrease in serum TC, TG, LDL-C and increase in HDL-C. (25)
• Nanoparticles / Cytotoxicity / Human Breast Cancer Cells: Study evaluated the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of biologically synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles against MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells. Results showed the plant derived nanoparticles exhibited significant cytotoxic effects with apoptotic features confirmed through caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation assays. (26)
• Hepatoprotective / Acetaminophen Induced Hepatotoxicity: An ethanol extract of leaves investigated against acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage showed hepatoprotective action through antioxidant effect. (27)
• Antibacterial / Leaves and Roots: Study evaluated the antibacterial activity of extracts of leaves, roots, and stems of A. indica against three strains of human pathogenic bacteria viz., Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. The ethyl acetate extract of leaves and roots inhibited growth of all three selected bacterial species. (28)
• CNS Depressant Activity / Leaves and Roots: Study investigated the methanol extract of leaves of Acalypha indica in Swiss albino mice for central nervous system activity. Results showed CNS depressant activity. (29)
• Anti-Dermatophytic Activity / Leaves: Study investigated ethanolic, ethyl acetate and hexane leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica and Acalypha indica against dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton tonsurans).The ethanolic and EA extracts inhibited all the isolates. Azadirachta indica showed more activity than Acalypha indica. (31)
• Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles / Leaves: Aqueous leaf extract of A. indica was used to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have significant applications in the field of medicine, pigment electronics, spintronics, and piezoelectricity. The green synthesis and biogenic invention of zinc oxide nanoparticle is an ecofriendly option that avoids conventional energy sources and harmful chemicals. (32)
• Hepatoprotective / Roots / Potentiating Effect of Piperine: Study showed roots of Acalypha indica exert a protective effect against CCl4 and Rifampicin-Isonazid induced hepatotoxicity. Results also show that piperine has a dose dependent potentiating effect on the hepatoprotective activity of A. indica. Piperine has been reported to enhance the bioavailability of some drugs by a non-specific and non-competitive inhibition of metabolic enzymes. (34)
• Urolithiasis Benefits / Biopotency on Membrane Bound Enzymes and Marker Enzymes: Study evaluated an ethanolic extract for its biopotency on membrane bound enzymes and marker enzymes in urolithiasis in male wistar albino rats. Results suggest AI can play a role in the prevention of disorders associated with kidney stone formation. (35)
• Mosquito Repellent / Larvicidal / Leaves: Study evaluated various leaf extracts and solvents for larvicidal, oviposition deterrent and repellent activities against mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Results showed A. indica contain larvicidal, oviposition deterrent and repellent compounds in its leaves, suggesting a potential ecofriendly candidate against mosquitoes. (36)
• Herbal Syrup for Antibiotic Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia UTI: In-vitro study evaluated the effect of herbal syrup of plant extract against ESBL (extended spectrum ß-lactamase) producing Klebsiella pneumonia causing urinary tract infections. Crude water extracts exhibited an antibiotic potential against multidrug resistant ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumonia UTIs from ICU patients. (37)
• Herbal Soap for Wound Healing: Soap made from extracted Kalipipi Acalypha indica was effective in healing wounds. Results suggest a potential alternative to commercial products—economical, user-friendly and highly effective. (38)
• Antibacteria / Leaves: GC-MS analysis of leaves yielded alkaloids, tannins, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds. A methanolic extract showed activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. (42)
• Antiplasmodial: Study evaluated leaf, stem, root, and flower extracts of A. aspera, A. indica, J. glandulifera and P. amarus for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. The stem extract of A. indica showed excellent antiplasmodial activity (IC50=43.81 µg/mL). In vitro antiplasmodial activity may be due to the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonols, glycosides, saponins, triterpenoids, proteins and tannins in the ethanolic extract of tested plants. (43)
• Mosquito Larvicidal / Synergism with A. aspera: Study evaluated the biologic activities of methanol extracts of Acalypha indica and Achyranthes aspera leaves individually and in combination as botanical insecticides against 4th instar Ae. aegypti. The most effective larvicide was the combined extract of A. indica and A. aspera. LC50 for 1st and 4th instars was 207 ppm and 277 ppm, respectively. Both were 30% lower than for both extracts alone.. Combined extract was also the most effective pupicide, with LC50 of 326 ppm. (44)
• Cytotoxicity / Breast Cancer Cell Line / Leaves: Study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of a hexane leaf crude extract of Acalypha indica on MCF-7 cell lines by MTT. A 50 µg/ml concentration showed maximum inhibitory effect with IC50 of 54.75 compared to cisplatin at 93.11. (46)
• Anti-Psoriasis / Leaves:In vitro study evaluated the anti-psoriatic activity of an aqueous extract using AA431 and B16-F10 cell lines. Fluorescence studies showed 80% cell death and 75% apoptosis in both cell lines. Result suggests potential of the leaf extract as an anti-psoriatic agent. (47)
• Antimicrobial: Study evaluated various extracts of Acalypha indica for antimicrobial potential. Results showed crude extracts of stem bark and leaves showed antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microbes. Methanol and chloroform extracts showed good antifungal activity against Candida albicans. (48)
• Postprandial Antihyperglycemic / Antioxidant / Stem: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors control postprandial hyperglycemia by preventing the sharp rise in blood glucose after ingestion of a carbohydrate-rich meal in T2DM. Study evaluated the postprandial antihyperglycemic potential of methanolic extract of stem of A. indica in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results showed 69.10 and 80.35% blood glucose lowering effect in maltose and sucrose loaded diabetic rats via inhibition of a-glucosidase enzyme. The extract also improved antioxidant status and recovered the damage induced by streptozotocin. (49)
• Antiepileptic / Leaves: Study evaluated the anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of A. indica in Feel3 induced epilepsy in Sprague Dawley rats. Results showed significant decrease in duration of tonic hind limb extension suggesting anticonvulsant effect. (50)
• Hepatoprotective Against Hypoxia / Combination of A. indica and Centella asiatica: Study evaluated the combination of A. indica and Centella asiatic for hepatoprotective activity against hypoxia. Results showed one of the AI and CA combination showed significant protective effect against hypoxia in the liver (p<0.001) but not in the plasma. (51)

Availability
Wild-crafted.
Extracts in the cybermarket.

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Post-coital antifertility activity of Acalypha indica L. / Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol 67, Issue 3, 30 November 1999, Pages 253-258/doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00213-X
(2)
Flavonoids from Acalypha indica / A Nahrstedt, M Hungeling, F Peterelt / Fitoterapia Vol 77, Issue 6, September 2006, Pages 484-486 / doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2006.04.007
(3)
Preliminary studies on the analysis of fatty acids, essential oils and flavonoids in Acalypha indica L. / J. Trop. Agric. and Fd. Sc. 32(2)(2004): 16R3. –Su1r6i,9 H.
(4)
Isolation, Identification and Study of Antimicrobial Property of a Bioactive Compound in an Indian Medicinal Plant Acalypha indica (Indian-Nettle) / World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 21, Numbers 6-7, October 2005 , pp. 1231-1236(6) /
(5)
Studies on effect of Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaf extracts on the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera:Culicidae) / Govindarajan,MJebanesan,APushpanathan,TSamidurai,K/ Parasitology Researc / 2008vol.103(no.3)
(6)
IN VITRO ANTI-BACTERIAL AND ANTI-FUNGAL PROPERTIES OF Acalypha indica (KUCING GALAK) / Azhmahani A et al /
(7)
NEURO-PROTECTION AND NEURO-THERAPY EFFECTS OF Acalypha indica Linn. WATER EXTRACT EX VIVO ON Musculus gastrocnemius Frog / Ernie Purwaningsih et al / Makara Kesehatan. Vol 12, No 2, Dec 2008: 71-76 /
(8)
The Evaluation of Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activity of Acalypha Indica Linn Root / Balakrishnan N et al / Asian J. Research Chem. 2(2): April.-June, 2009
(9)
Isolation of potential antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from Acalypha indica and Ocimum basilicum / K Ramya Durga et al / Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 3(10), pp. 703-706, October, 2009
(10)
STUDIES ON WOUND HEALING PROPERTY OF COASTAL MEDICINAL PLANTS / R Vinoth Raja, T Ramanathan, S Savitha/ J Biosci Tech, Vol 1 (1),2009, 39-44.
(11)
Antibacterial activity of Acalypha indica L. / M Govindarajan, A Jebanesan, D Reetha et al / European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2008, 12: 299-302
(12)
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ACALYPHA  INDICA LINN. ON NORMAL AND ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS / Manisha Masih, Tanushree Banerjee et al / International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 3 Suppl 3, 2011
(13)
Studies on Phytochemical screening and vasoconstrictor activity of leaf extracts of Acalypha indica on frog blood vessels / Krishna Madhur Marri Prasad Rao, Machineni, Vineela Sathuluri et al / Annals of Biological Research, 2011, 2 (2) : 337-340
(14)
In vitro antimicrobial activity of leaves of Acalypha indica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) / M N Somchit, R Abdul Rashid et al / African Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 4(20) pp. 2133-2136, 18 October, 2010
(15)
In Vitro Antihelmintic Activity of Acalypha indica Leaves Extracts / Garai Ranju et al / IJRAP 2011, 2(1) 247-249
(16)
Acalypha indica / Vernacular names / GLOBinMED
(17)
Acalypha indica Linn root extract improved hippocampal cell viability and increased Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in hypoxic condition / Nurhadi Ibrahim, Julia Rahadian, Dewi F. Suniarti / Med Jour of Indon, Vol 21, No 3, August 2012
(18)
Evaluation of gastroprotective potential of Acalypha indica on peptic ulcers induced by physical and chemical agents in rodents / Manjulatha K / Vedic Research International / Phytomedicine, Vol 1 No 1, 2013 / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14259%2Fpm.v1i1.18
(19)
The nerve protection and in vivo therapeutic effect of Acalypha indica extract in frogs / Ernie H. Purwaningsih, Nurhadi Ibrahim, Hamdani Zain / Medicinal Journal of Indonesia, Vol 19, No 2, 2010.
(20)
EVALUATION OF ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF THE ROOT EXTRACT OF ACALYPHA INDICA LINN. USING IN VITRO TECHNIQUE / S Jayaprakasam R, Ravi T K / International Journal of Phytopharmacy, Vol 2, No 6, 2012
(21)
Antioxidant and anticancer activities from aerial parts of Acalypha indica Linn / Duangsuree Sanseera et al / Research Online
(22)
ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Acalypha indica Linn IN MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS /
SATHYA M*, KOKILAVANI R, ANANTA TEEPA K.S / Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol 5, Suppl 1, 2012
(23)
Phytochemical, GC-MS analysis and Antibacterial activity of a Medicinal Plant Acalypha indica / S.Chandra Mohan*, S.Dinakar, T.Anand, R.Elayaraja, B.SathiyaPriya / International Journal of PharmTech Research (IJPRIF), July-Sept 2012; Vol 4, No 3: pp 1050-1054
(24)
Anti-inflammatory studies on Acalypha indica L leaves by membrane stabilization / M Syed Muzammil, M Manikandan, A Jafar, P Sakthivel , S Geetha and R Malarkodi / INDIAN J NAT PROD RESOUR, JUNE 2014
(25)
ANTI HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF ACALYPHA INDICA LINN. ON ATHEROGENIC DIET INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIA / RAJASEKARAN S*, R ANANDAN, NISHAD.K.M / International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 5, Suppl 4, 2013
(26)
Acalypha indica Linn: Biogenic synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles and their cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells / C. Krishnaraj, , , P. Muthukumaran, R. Ramachandran, M.D. Balakumaran, P.T. Kalaichelvan / Biotechnology Reports
Volume 4, December 2014, Pages 42–49
(27)
Preventive and curative effects of Acalypha indica on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity / M Mathew, C Nair, T Shenoy, J Varghese / International Journal of Green Pharmacy, Volume 5, Issue 1, pp 49-54, 2011.
(28)
The Antibacterial Activity of Acalypha indica L. / V. Gangadevi, S. Yogeswari, S. Kamalraj, G. Rani, J. Muthumary /Indian Journal of Science & Technology, Vol 1, Issue 6, Nove 2008 / DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2008/v1i6/29582
(29)
CNS Activity of the Methanol Extracts of Acalypha indica linn in Experimental Animal Model / M. Vijusha*, P. Bharath, M. Suvarna / Annals of Experimental Biology 2014, 2 (2):34-36
(30)
IN-VITRO ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ROOTS OF ACALYPHA INDICA Linn. / B.CHENGAIAH*, K.MAHESH KUMAR, M.ALAGUSUNDARAM, C.SASIKALA, C.MADHUSUDHANA CHETTY. / International Journal of PharmTech Research, Vol.1, No.4, pp 1499-1502, Oct-Dec 2009
(31)
Antidermatophytic Activity of Azadirachta indica and Acalypha indica Leaves - An In-Vitro Study / S M Radhika, A Michael / CiteSeer
(32)
Biogenic Production of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Acalypha Indica / D. Gnanasangeetha and D. SaralaThambavani / November 2013 – January 2014, Vol. 4, No. 1; 238-246.
(33)
Preliminary studies on the analysis of fatty acids, essential oils and flavonoids in Acalypha indica L. / R. Suri*, H. Abu Bakar*, A. Noor Rehan*, O. Rosnah* and A. Normah* / J. Trop. Agric. and Fd. Sc. 32(2)(2004)
(34)
Extraction and Application of Eco – Friendly Natural dye obtained from Leaves of Acalypha indica Linn on Cotton Fabric / Saravanan P., Chandramohan G., Mariajancyrani J. and Shanmugasundaram P. / International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, Vol. 2(12), 1-5, December (2013)
(35)
Biopotency of Acalypha indica Linn on Membrane Bound ATPases and Marker Enzymes urolithic Rats. / Sathya M, Kokilavani R, Ananta Teepa K S, Balakrishnan A. / Ancient Sci Life 2011;31:3-9
(36)
Mosquito Larvicidal, Oviposition deterrent and Repellent properties of Acalypha indica L extracts against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus / S. Vijaya kumar*, Panagal Mani, T.M.M. John Bastin and G. Ravikumar / Int J Med Biosci. 2012; 1(3): 33 - 41
(37)
IN VITRO-STUDY OF EFFECT OF HERBAL SYRUP OF MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACT AGAINST ESBL PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA CAUSING UTI INFECTION / V. Singh*, Sandip Patil, Shakti Pal and P. K. Chauhan / International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 3(3), 2012
(38)
The Efficacy of Kalipipi Acalypha indica linn Extract Soap on Wounds / Katrina C. Escobanas Katharina Nilda Ann T. Viquezo Patricio Jose H. Najeal / Minglanilla Special Science Elementary School, 2014
(39)
Acalypha indica / Synonyms / The Plant List
(40)
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON ACALYPHA INDICA: PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING / NURUL NADIA MOHD NAZRI, NORAZLANSHAH HAZALI, MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM, MASHITA MASRI, MOHD KHAN AYOB / International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016; Vol 8, Issue 3
(41)
A Study Of Antimicrobial Activity Of Acalypha Indica Against Selected Microbial Species / Rajaselvam J, Benila smily J.M and Meena R / Rajaselvam J et al. / International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPS, Sept 2012; 3(9): pp 473-476
(42)
GC-MS analysis and antibacterial evaluation of Acalypha indica / A. Zahir Hussain and S. Kumaresan / Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2013, 3(6):46-49
(43)
In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum / Samuel Jacob Inbaneson, Sundaram Ravikumar,* and Palavesam Suganthi / Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012 May; 2(5): 364–367. / doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60057-4
(44)
Toxicity of Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) and Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae) leaf extracts to Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) / Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 14 (2011) 41–45
(45)
Phytochemical Screening and GC-MS Analysis of Acetone Leaf Extract of Acalypha indica (Linn.) / Selvamani S, Balamurugan, S* / International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences (IJRSB), Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2015, PP 229-232
(46)
Cytotoxic activity of Acalypha indica L. hexane extract on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) / Sudhakar Chekuri, Shivaprasad Panjala, Roja Rani Anupalli / The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2017; 6(5): pp 264-268
(47)
Aqueous extract of Acalypha indica leaves for the treatment of Psoriasis: In-vitro studies / Rajkiran Reddy Banala, Satish Kumar Vemuri, Gurava Reddy A.V., Subbaiah G.P.V. / International Journal of Bioassays, 2017; 6(3): pp 5360-5364 / http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.04.007
(48)
In Vitro Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Acalypha Indica Linn. Extract / Farah Dayana Ishak, Siti Zaiton Mat So’ad, Anis Hazirah Asmali Jauhari2, Nini Nadira Mashud and Norazian Mohd Hassan /
(49)
Postprandial Antihyperglycemic And Antioxidant Activities of Acalypha indica Linn Stem Extract: An In-vivoStudy / Charles Lekhya Priya and K V Bhaskara Rao / Pharmacogn Mag., July 2016; 12(Suppl4): pp 475-481 / DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.191461
(50)
Anti-Epileptic Activity of Acalypha indica Methanolic Leaves Extract with Animal Experiment / Prem Kumar, P Chakrapani, B Arunjyothi, A Rojarani / International Journalof Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 2016; 8(9): pp 1560-1676
(51)
Hepatoprotective Effects of Acalypha Indica and Centella Asiatica in Rat's Liver Against Hypoxia / Adisti Dwijayanti, Agnes Frethernety, Novi Silvia Hardiany, Erni H Purwaningasih / Procedia Chemistry, 2015; 14: pp 11-14
(52)
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANT AGAINST WOUND INFECTED PATHOGENS / N Divya, S Thenmozhi, B T Sureshkumar, and M Selvan / International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017