B otany
Plant is a medium-sized branching shrub, growing up to 3 meters high. Leaves are ovate to oblong, up to 10 cm long and 7 cm wide, fiddle-shaped or with 3 sharply pointed lobes. Blade is dark green above and light green below, with petioles up to 5 cm long, with entire margins. Flowers are red, branching at the terminal part and borne by a peduncle up to 12 cm long.
Distribution
Introduced to the Philippines in the 50s, now widely spread.
Native to the West Indies.
Constituents
Diterpene constituents consist of macrocyclic diterpenes jatrophone, jatrophatrione, jatropholone A-B, riolozatrione, curcusones A-D, rhamnofolane, lathyrane.
Properties
Considered purgative, styptic, emetic.
Latex considered toxic.
Parts used
Parts used.
Uses
Folkloric
No known folkloric medicinal use in the Philippines.
Elsewhere, used in the treatment of warts, tumors, rheumatism, herpes, pruritus, toothaches, scabies, eczema and ringworm.
Studies
• Antimicrobial / Cytotoxic: Study on the n-hexane extract of the plant showed significant inhibitory activity against tested microorganisms. It also showed significant cytotoxicity when subjected to brine shrimp lethality assay.
• Free Radical Scavenging / Antioxidant: SFive indigenous plants, including J pandurifolia, were investigated for their antioxidant activity. All the extractives were shown to possess significant DPPH radical scavenging activity. Significant antioxidant activity was noticed by the chloroform soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of J pandurifolia, and moderate antioxidant activity from the methanolic extract of the leaves of JP.
• Integerrimene: Study isolated integerrimene, a possible biogenetic precursor of the rhamnofolane diterpenes and a new rhamnofolane endoperoxide 2-epicaniojane from the roots of J. integerrima roots.
Availability
Wild-crafted.
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